Janka Scale
The Janka hardness scale is the flooring industry’s standard for determining the durability and wear-resistance of natural hardwood. For example, Brazilian Walnut is one of the strongest with a rating of 3680, while at the other end, California Redwood only rates at 420. This means that the walnut has far superior resistance to scratches, stains, indentations and overall wear, and would be ideal for areas that get a lot of foot traffic. The Janka ratings are determined by the amount of force (pounds per sq. inch) required to embed a small steel ball to half its diameter in the wood sample. After a number of tests are performed, the results are averaged to arrive at the value assigned to each species. However, keep in mind that the Janka value assigned to each type of wood is not absolute, and will vary depending on temperature, humidity, elevation, soil, subspecies, and other factors. The ratings are intended as approximate values only.
|
Name |
Native Country |
Botanical Name |
Rating |
Alt Name |
Alt Name |
Alt Name |
Alt Name |
|
African Cedar |
Africa |
Guarea cedrata |
2000 - 2600 |
Bosse |
|
|
|
|
African Mahogany |
West Africa |
Khaya, ivorensis |
800 - 830 |
Honduras Mahogany |
Swietenia Mahogany |
|
|
|
African Pearwood |
Africa |
Baillonella toxisperma |
2990 - 3680 |
Moabi |
|
|
|
|
African Rosewood |
Tropical West Africa |
Guibourtia, demeusei |
1980 - 2690 |
Bubigna |
|
|
|
|
African Walnut |
Tropical West Africa |
Lovoa trichilioides |
1500 |
Sapelle, Boire |
Mpengwa, Anamemila |
Apopo, Sida |
Bombulu, Dibetou |
|
Alder |
Pacific Coast of North America |
Alnus Rubra |
590 |
Oregon Alder |
Pacific Coast Alder |
Red Alder |
Western Alder |
|
Amendoim |
Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil |
Pterogyne, nitens |
1340 - 1912 |
Ybyario |
|
|
|
|
American Beech |
United States |
Fagus, grandifolia |
1300 |
Carolina Beech,Gray Beech |
Red Beech,Ridge Beech |
Stone Beech,White Beech |
Winter Beech |
|
American Cherry |
North America |
Prunus, Serotina |
950 |
Black Cherry |
North American Cherry |
|
|
|
Angelim Pedra |
Brazil |
Hymenolobium petraeum |
3040 |
Caramate |
Mirarema |
Sapupira Amarela |
|
|
Australian Cypress |
Queensland and New South Wales, Australia |
Callitrus, glauca |
1375 - 1461 |
Cypress Pine |
|
|
|
|
Bamboo |
Asia |
Phyllostachys spp. |
1180 - 1380 |
Chinese Timber Bamboo |
Chinese Thorny Bamboo |
Moso Bamboo |
Sweet Shoot Bamboo |
|
Bangkirai |
Indonesia |
Shorea Laevis |
1798 |
Anggleam |
Balau |
Benuas |
Kumus, Penapak |
|
Basswood |
North America |
Tilia Americana |
410 |
Linden |
|
|
|
|
Beech |
North America |
Fagus grandifolia |
1300 |
|
|
|
|
|
Black Walnut |
North America |
Juglanes nigra |
1010 |
Eastern Black Walnut |
American Walnut |
|
|
|
Blackwood |
Southeast Asia |
Dalbergia Latifolia |
1720 |
Indian Rosewood |
Malabar |
Shisham |
Sitsal |
|
Bloodwood |
Venezuela, Peru, Panama, Brazil |
Brosimum, rubescens |
2900 - 3300 |
Satinae |
Cardinal Wood |
Pau Brazil |
|
|
Boire |
|
Lovoa trichilioides |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bolivian Cherry |
Brazil, Peru, Central America, Mexico |
Manilkara, bidentata |
3190 - 3650 |
Massarasanduba |
Chico Zapote |
Quinilla |
|
|
Bolivian Rosewood |
Brazil, Peru, Central America, Mexico |
Machaerium, sclieroxylon |
1780 |
Morado |
Moradillo |
Santos Palisander |
|
|
Boreal |
Northern United States and Canada |
Populus Balsamifera |
1023 |
Balm |
Cottonwood |
Hackmatack |
Poplar, |
|
Brazilian Cherry |
Central and Tropical South America |
Hymenaea, courbaril |
2760 - 2820 |
Jatoba |
Paquio |
Guapinol |
|
|
Brazilian Ebony |
Latin America |
Diospyros, spp |
3220 - 3692 |
|
|
|
|
|
Brazilian Eucalyptus |
Australia |
Eucalyptus grandis |
1125 |
Flodded Gum |
Rose Gum |
Scrub Gum |
Ribbon Gum |
|
Brazilian Redwood |
Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Panama, Peru |
Manilkara bidentata |
3190 |
Macaranduba |
Peraju |
|
|
|
Brazilian Rosewood |
Brazil |
Dalbergia nigra |
2720 - 3000 |
Bahia Rosewood |
Cabiuna, Caviuna |
Jacaranda, Palisander |
Rio Rosewood |
|
Brazilian Teak |
South America |
Dipteryx, odorata |
3540 |
Cumaru |
Almendrillo |
|
|
|
Brazilian Walnut |
South America |
Tabebuia, spp |
3680 - 3700 |
Ipe |
Cortez |
Lapacho |
|
|
Brazlian Maple |
South America |
Balfourodendron, riedelianum |
1500 |
Guatambu |
Pau Marfin |
|
|
|
Brushbox |
Australia |
Lophostemon Confertus |
2135 |
Pink Box |
Scrub Box |
|
|
|
Bubinga |
Central Africa |
Guibourtia Demeusei |
1980 |
African Rosewood |
Buvenga |
Essingang |
Ovang, Waka |
|
California Redwood |
California |
Sequoia sempervirens |
420 |
Coast Redwood |
|
|
|
|
Cameron |
Southern Mexico and Central America |
Samanea pedicellaris |
1543 - 1940 |
Alazano, Camaron |
Conejo, degame |
guaybo, Harino |
Lemonwood, Surra |
|
Caribbean Heart pine |
Carbbien |
Pinus caribaea |
1240 - 1280 |
Honduras Longleaf Pine |
|
|
|
|
Caribbean Rosewood |
Belize / Mexico |
Metopium, browneii |
2300 |
Chechen |
Poison Wood |
|
|
|
Caribbean Walnut |
Belize, Mexico, Guatemala |
Lysiloma, bahamensis |
1400 |
T'Zalam |
|
|
|
|
Cedar |
North America |
Cedrus Atlantica |
900 |
Eastern Cedar |
|
|
|
|
Cocobolo |
Pacific regions of Central America |
Dalbergia Retusa |
1136 |
Funera |
Granadillo |
Nambar |
Nicaragua Rosewood |
|
Coffee Bean |
North America |
Gymnocladus dioicus |
1390 |
Chicot |
Coffee Nut |
Coffeetree |
Kentucky Mahogany |
|
Curupixa |
Central and South America |
Micropholis Venulosa |
1490 |
Apixuna |
Caimitillo |
Grumixava |
Hacano |
|
Douglas Fir |
British Columbia |
Pseudotsuga Menziesii |
660 |
Coast Douglas Fir |
Douglas Tree |
Interior Douglas Fir |
|
|
Doussie |
West and Central Africa |
Afzelia, spp |
1770 - 1810 |
Afzelia |
Apa |
|
|
|
Eastern White Pine |
North America |
Pinus Strobus |
380 - 870 |
White Pine |
Northern Pine |
Soft Pine |
Weymouth Pine |
|
Ebony |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hard Maple |
North America |
Acer, saccharum |
1450 - 1770 |
Sugar Maple |
Black Maple |
|
|
|
Heart Pine |
North America |
Pinus spp. |
870 - 1225 |
Honduras Heart Pine |
|
|
|
|
Hemlock |
Canada and United States |
Tsuga canadensis |
| |